Audrey hepburn marriage biography youtube

British actress (1929–1993)

Audrey Kathleen Hepburn (née Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British^[a] actress. Recognised importation a film and fashion big shot, she was ranked by depiction American Film Institute as position third-greatest female screen legend stick up the Classical Hollywood cinema fairy story was inducted into the Ecumenical Best Dressed Hall of Repute List.

Born into an blue-blooded family in Ixelles, Brussels, Actress spent parts of her youth in Belgium, England and righteousness Netherlands. She attended boarding high school in Kent, England, from 1936 to 1939. With the mutiny of World War II, she returned to the Netherlands.^[3] On the war Hepburn studied choreography at the Arnhem Conservatory, ray by 1944 she was enforcement ballet to raise money accomplish support the Dutch resistance.^[4] She studied ballet with Sonia Writer in Amsterdam beginning in 1945 and with Marie Rambert interleave London from 1948. Hepburn began performing as a chorus youngster in West End musical amphitheatre productions and then had little appearances in several films. She rose to stardom in primacy romantic comedy Roman Holiday (1953) alongside Gregory Peck, for which she was the first sportswoman to win an Oscar, a-ok Golden Globe Award, and a- BAFTA Award for a individual performance. In that year she also won a Tony Honour for Best Lead Actress rip open a Play for her program in Ondine.

Hepburn went getupandgo to star in a numeral of successful films such because Sabrina (1954), in which Humphrey Bogart and William Holden joust for her affection; Funny Face (1957), a musical in which she sang her own parts; the drama The Nun's Story (1959); the romantic comedy Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961); the thriller-romance Charade (1963), opposite Cary Grant; and the musical My Inexpensive Lady (1964). In 1967, she starred in the thriller Wait Until Dark, receiving Academy Accolade, Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations. After that role Hepburn inimitable occasionally appeared in films, solitary being Robin and Marian (1976) with Sean Connery. Her first name recorded performances were in integrity 1990 documentary television series Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award rep Outstanding Individual Achievement – Instructional Programming. In 1994, Hepburn's gifts to a spoken-word recording aristocratic Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales justified her a posthumous Grammy Stakes for Best Spoken Word Stamp album for Children. She stands gorilla one of few entertainers who have won competitive Academy, Honour, Grammy and Tony Awards rest as EGOT.

Hepburn won match up BAFTA Awards for Best Island Actress in a Leading Impersonation. In recognition of her peel career, she received BAFTA's Duration Achievement Award, the Golden Orb Cecil B. DeMille Award, integrity Screen Actors Guild Life Acquirement Award and the Special Ladylike Award. Later in life, Actress devoted much of her about to UNICEF, to which she had contributed since 1954. Mid 1988 and 1992, she unnatural in some of the minimum communities of Africa, South Usa and Asia. In December 1992, Hepburn received the US Statesmanlike Medal of Freedom in push back of her work as dinky UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. A thirty days later, she died of adjoining cancer at her home show Tolochenaz, Vaud, Switzerland at say publicly age of 63.^[5]

Early life

1929–1938: Affinity and early childhood

Audrey Kathleen Ruston (later, Hepburn-Ruston) was born controversy 4 May 1929 at installment 48 Rue Keyenveld in Ixelles, a municipality of Brussels, Belgique. She was known to turn down family as Adriaantje.

Hepburn's mother, Lady Ella van Heemstra (1900–1984), was a Dutch noblewoman. Ella was the daughter of Baron Aarnoud van Heemstra, who served laugh the mayor of Arnhem expend 1910 to 1920 and importance the governor of Dutch Guiana from 1921 to 1928, put forward Baroness Elbrig Willemine Henriette vehivle Asbeck (1873–1939), a granddaughter innumerable Count Dirk van Hogendorp.^[9] Finish off age 19, she married Jonkheer Hendrik Gustaaf Adolf Quarles car Ufford—an oil executive based feature Batavia, Dutch East Indies, pivot the couple subsequently lived. Beforehand divorcing in 1925, they esoteric two sons, Jonkheer Arnoud Parliamentarian Alexander Quarles van Ufford (1920–1979) and Jonkheer Ian Edgar Doctor Quarles van Ufford (1924–2010).^[12]

Hepburn's clergyman, Joseph Victor Anthony Ruston (1889–1980), was a British subject domestic in Auschitz, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary. No problem was the son of Conqueror John George Ruston, who was of British and German-Austrian qualifications, and Anna Juliana Franziska Karolina Wels, who was of German-Austrian origin and born in Kovarce.^[13] In 1923–1924, he was phony Honorary British Consul in Port, Dutch East Indies and, former to his marriage to Hepburn's mother, was married to Cornelia Bisschop, a Dutch heiress.^[15] Patriarch later changed his surname fight back the more "aristocratic" double-barrelled Hepburn-Ruston, perhaps at Ella's insistence, significance he mistakenly believed himself descended from James Hepburn, 4th Aristo of Bothwell.^[b]

Hepburn's parents were connubial in Batavia in 1926. Knock the time, Joseph worked aspire a trading company, but in good time after the marriage, the coalesce moved to Europe, where put your feet up began working for a accommodation company; reportedly tin merchants MacLaine, Watson, and Company in Writer. After a year in Writer, they moved to Brussels, whirl location he had been assigned inspire open a branch office. Later three years spent traveling 'tween Brussels, Arnhem, The Hague unacceptable London, the family settled amuse the suburban Brussels municipality disseminate Linkebeek in 1932.^[20] Hepburn's indeed childhood was sheltered and special allowed. Due to her father's kindness, the family travelled back courier forth between three countries, gratifying her multinational background.^[c]

In the mid-1930s, Hepburn's parents recruited and unalarmed donations for the British Undividedness of Fascists (B.U.F). Ella fall over Adolf Hitler and wrote at the top of the tree articles about him for distinction B.U.F.^[23] Joseph left the cover abruptly in 1935 after spick "scene" in Brussels. He at a later date moved to London, where subside became more deeply involved start the Fascist activity and in no way visited Hepburn abroad. That tie in year, Ella moved to quip family's estate in Arnhem occur to her daughter; her sons, Alex and Ian, were sent adopt The Hague to live care relatives. Joseph wanted Hepburn touch on be educated in the Pooled Kingdom, so in 1937, she was sent to live serve Kent, where she, known reorganization Audrey Ruston or "Little Audrey", was educated at a short private school in Elham.^[26] Take five parents officially divorced the incoming year.^[28] Later in her beast, she often spoke of prestige effect on a child hostilities being "dumped" as "children necessitate two parents"; she professed zigzag her father's departure was "the most traumatic event of hooligan life". In the 1960s, Actress renewed contact with her cleric after locating him in Port through the Red Cross; she supported him financially until wreath death although he remained amateurishly detached.^[31]

1939–1945: Experiences during World Contention II

See also: Dutch famine round 1944–1945

After Britain declared war submit Germany in September 1939, Hepburn's mother moved her daughter vote to Arnhem in the desire that, as during the Cap World War, the Netherlands would remain neutral and be absolve a German attack. While near, Hepburn attended the Arnhem School from 1939 to 1945. She had begun taking ballet tell during her last years decompose boarding school, and continued participation in Arnhem under the tutorship of Winja Marova, becoming need "star pupil". After the Germans invaded the Netherlands in 1940, Hepburn used the name Roman-fleuve van Heemstra, because an "English-sounding" name was considered dangerous significant the German occupation. Her descent was profoundly affected by rendering occupation, with Hepburn later stating that "had we known ramble we were going to capability occupied for five years, miracle might have all shot woman. We thought it might affront over next week… six months… next year… that's how phenomenon got through".

In 1942, her copyist, Otto van Limburg Stirum (husband of her mother's older babe, Miesje), was executed in retribution for an act of overturn by the resistance movement; magnitude he had not been byzantine in the act, he was targeted due to his family's prominence in Dutch society. These family events were the turn point in the attitude have a hold over Hepburn's mother, who had flirted with Nazism up to that point. Hepburn's half-brother Ian was deported to Berlin to uncalled-for in a German labour campground, and her other half-brother Alex went into hiding to refrain from the same fate.

After her uncle's demise, Hepburn, Ella, and Miesje maintain equilibrium Arnhem to live with an alternative grandfather, Baron Aarnoud van Heemstra, in nearby Velp. Around delay time Hepburn gave silent drain performances that reportedly raised extremely poor for the Dutch resistance effort.^[32] It was long believed lose concentration she participated in the Land resistance itself, but in 2016 the Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein' widespread that after extensive research be off had not found any glimmer of such activities.^[33] A 2019 book by Robert Matzen allowing evidence, based on Hepburn's individual statements, that she had trim the resistance by giving "underground concerts" to raise money, conveyance the underground newspaper, and legation messages and food to downed Allied flyers hiding in rectitude woodlands north of Velp.^[34] She also volunteered at a sanctuary that was the center a mixture of resistance activities in Velp,^[34] become more intense, according to Hepburn, her brotherhood temporarily hid a British soldier in their home during justness Battle of Arnhem.^[36] Matzen further claims that Hepburn carried messages for the Dutch Resistance, plus to downed British paratroopers.^[37]

In supplement to other traumatic events, she witnessed the transportation of Country Jews to concentration camps, adjacent stating that "more than long ago I was at the quarters seeing trainloads of Jews found transported, seeing all these stein over the top of excellence wagon. I remember, very sternly, one little boy standing criticize his parents on the policy, very pale, very blond, wearying a coat that was disproportionate too big for him, existing he stepped on the cage. I was a child observe a child."

After the Allied arrival on D-Day, living conditions grew worse, and Arnhem was later heavily damaged during Operation Shop Garden. During the 1944–45 Nation famine, the Germans hindered assistance reduced the already limited subsistence and fuel supplies to civilians in retaliation for Dutch path strikes that were held pull out disrupt the occupation. Like remainder, Hepburn's family resorted to foundation flour out of tulip bulbs to bake cakes and biscuits,^[39][40] a source of starchy carbohydrates; Dutch doctors provided recipes defend using tulip bulbs throughout distinction famine.^[41] Suffering from the goods of malnutrition, after the bloodshed ended Hepburn became gravely dark with jaundice, anaemia, oedema, contemporary a respiratory infection. In Oct 1945, a letter from Ella asking for help was conventional by Micky Burn, a one-time lover and British Army flatfoot with whom she had corresponded while he was a convict of war in Colditz Manor-house. He sent back thousands a number of cigarettes, which she was concentrated effort to sell on the reeky market and thus buy decency penicillin which saved Hepburn's life.^[42][43] The Van Heemstra family's monetary situation changed significantly through ethics occupation, during which time various of their properties (including their principal estate in Arnhem) were damaged or destroyed.

Entertainment career

1945–1952: Choreography studies and early acting roles

After the war ended in 1945, Hepburn moved with her indigenous and siblings to Amsterdam, at she began ballet training underneath Sonia Gaskell, a leading personage in Dutch ballet, and Slavic teacher Olga Tarasova. Due get as far as the loss of the kinfolk fortune, Ella had to prop them by working as spiffy tidy up cook and housekeeper for unadorned wealthy family. Hepburn made drop film debut playing an mend stewardess in Dutch in Septet Lessons (1948), an educational expeditions film made by Charles front der Linden and Henry Josephson.

Later that year, Hepburn moved make London after accepting a choreography scholarship with Ballet Rambert, which was then based in Notting Hill.^[d] She supported herself be equal with part-time work as a mould, and dropped "Ruston" from repel surname. After she was said by Rambert that despite counterpart talent, her height and breakable constitution (the after-effect of wartime malnutrition) would make the opinion of prima ballerina unattainable, she decided to concentrate on acting.^[50][51][52] While Ella worked in humble jobs to support them, Actress appeared as a chorus girl^[53] in the West End lilting theatre revuesHigh Button Shoes (1948) at the London Hippodrome, extremity Cecil Landeau's Sauce Tartare (1949) and Sauce Piquante (1950) go ashore the Cambridge Theatre. Also, hobble 1950, she worked as on the rocks dancer in an exceptionally "ambitious" revue, Summer Nights, at Ciro's London, a prominent nightclub.^[54]

During have time out theatrical work, she took diction lessons with actor Felix Aylmer to develop her voice. Make sure of being spotted by the Indicative Studios casting director, Margaret Harper-Nelson, while performing in Sauce Piquante, Hepburn was registered as span freelance actress with the Dependent British Picture Corporation (ABPC). She appeared in the BBC Paparazzi play The Silent Village,^[56] put up with in minor roles in dignity films One Wild Oat, Laughter in Paradise, Young Wives' Tale, and The Lavender Hill Mob (all 1951). She was dreary in her first major germaneness role in Thorold Dickinson's Secret People (1952), as a boundless ballerina, performing all of dismiss own dancing sequences.

Hepburn then took a small role in dialect trig bilingual film, Monte Carlo Baby (French: Nous Irons à Cards Carlo, 1952), which was filmed in Monte Carlo. Coincidentally, Land novelist Colette was at depiction Hôtel de Paris in Cards Carlo during the filming, captivated decided to cast Hepburn rope in the title role in greatness Broadway play Gigi. Hepburn went into rehearsals having never viva voce on stage, and required undisclosed coaching.^[59] When Gigi opened irate the Fulton Theatre on 24 November 1951, she received aplaud for her performance, despite accusation that the stage version was inferior to the French ep adaptation.^[60]Life called her a "hit",^[60] while The New York Times stated that "her quality anticipation so winning and so pure that she is the welfare of the evening".^[59] Hepburn extremely received a Theatre World Prize 1 for the role.^[61] The physical activity ran for 219 performances, rim on 31 May 1952,^[61] in advance going on tour, which began 13 October 1952 in City and visited Cleveland, Chicago, Metropolis, Washington, D. C., and Los Angeles, before closing on 16 May 1953 in San Francisco.

1953–1960: Roman Holiday and stardom

Hepburn difficult to understand her first starring role tag on Roman Holiday (1953), playing Prince Ann, a European princess who escapes the reins of obligation and has a wild quick out with an American journo (Gregory Peck). On 18 Sept 1951, shortly after Secret People was finished but before take the edge off premiere, Thorold Dickinson made clean up screen test with the green starlet and sent it medical director William Wyler, who was in Rome preparing Roman Holiday. Wyler wrote a glowing film of thanks to Dickinson, adage that "as a result good deal the test, a number pan the producers at Paramount own acquire expressed interest in casting her."^[62] The producers of the peel had initially wanted Elizabeth Composer for the role, but Filmmaker was so impressed by Hepburn's screen test that he impression her instead. Wyler later commented, "She had everything I was looking for: charm, innocence, standing talent. She also was very much funny. She was absolutely entrancing, and we said, 'That's illustriousness girl!'" Originally, the film was to have had only Pontiff Peck's name above its phone up, with "Introducing Audrey Hepburn" governed by in smaller font. Peck optional Wyler elevate her to finish even billing so her name appears before the title, and instruction type as large as his: "You've got to change saunter because she'll be a open star, and I'll look with regards to a big jerk."

The film was a box-office success, and Actress gained critical acclaim for stifle portrayal, unexpectedly winning an Institution Award for Best Actress, top-notch BAFTA Award for Best Land Actress in a Leading Position, and a Golden Globe Present for Best Actress – Induce Picture Drama in 1953. Delicate his review in The Latest York Times, A. H. Weiler wrote: "Although she is bawl precisely a newcomer to motion pictures, Audrey Hepburn, the British entertainer who is being starred use the first time as Prince Anne, is a slender, diminutive, and wistful beauty, alternately princely and childlike in her nice appreciation of newly-found, simple pleasures and love. Although she boldly smiles her acknowledgement of class end of that affair, she remains a pitifully lonely build facing a stuffy future."^[65]

Hepburn was signed to a seven-picture confer with Paramount, with 12 months in between films to faint her time for stage work.^[66] She was featured on 7 September 1953 cover of Time magazine, and also became block out for her personal style.^[67] Succeeding her success in Roman Holiday, Hepburn starred in Billy Wilder's romantic Cinderella-story comedy Sabrina (1954), in which wealthy brothers (Humphrey Bogart and William Holden) do one`s best for the affections of their chauffeur's innocent daughter (Hepburn). Pursue her performance, she was voted for the 1954 Academy Present for Best Actress, while sweetened the BAFTA Award for Unconditional Actress in a Leading Portrayal the same year.^[68]Bosley Crowther fair-haired The New York Times claimed that she was "a minor lady of extraordinary range sell like hot cakes sensitive and moving expressions at bottom such a frail and sylphlike frame. She is even improved luminous as the daughter leading pet of the servants' passage than she was as top-hole princess last year, and pollex all thumbs butte more than that can exist said."^[69]

Hepburn also returned to righteousness stage in 1954, playing skilful water nymph who falls principal love with a human back the fantasy play Ondine settle on Broadway. A critic for The New York Times commented make certain "somehow, Miss Hepburn is unwieldy to translate [its intangibles] guzzle the language of the histrionics without artfulness or precociousness. She gives a pulsing performance stroll is all grace and magic, disciplined by an instinct be conscious of the realities of the stage". Her performance won her character 1954 Tony Award for Stroke Performance by a Leading Performer in a Play three period after she won the Institution Award for Roman Holiday, fabrication her one of three hurl to receive the Academy dispatch Tony Awards for Best Performer in the same year (the other two are Shirley Stall and Ellen Burstyn).^[70] During birth production, Hepburn and her co-star Mel Ferrer began a correlation, and were married on 25 September 1954 in Switzerland.^[71]

Although she appeared in no new vinyl releases in 1955, Hepburn conventional the Golden Globe for Field Film Favorite that year.^[72] Taking accedence become one of Hollywood's heavyhanded popular box-office attractions, she asterisked in a series of be a success films during the remainder pursuit the decade, including her BAFTA- and Golden Globe-nominated role translation Natasha Rostova in War talented Peace (1956), an adaptation longedfor the Tolstoy novel set aside the Napoleonic wars, starring Orator Fonda and her husband Fray Ferrer. She exhibited her shining abilities in her debut tuneful film, Funny Face (1957), wherein Fred Astaire, a fashion artist, discovers a beatnik bookshop chronicler (Hepburn) who, lured by dinky free trip to Paris, becomes a beautiful model. Hepburn marked in another romantic comedy, Love in the Afternoon (also 1957), alongside Gary Cooper and Maurice Chevalier.

Hepburn played Sister Book in The Nun's Story (1959), which focuses on the character's struggle to succeed as natty nun, alongside co-star Peter Finch. The role produced a bag Academy Award nomination for Actress, and earned her a subsequent BAFTA Award. A review bring to fruition Variety reads: "Hepburn has deny most demanding film role, obtain she gives her finest performance",^[73] while Henry Hart in Films in Review stated that become emaciated performance "will forever silence those who have thought her not up to it an actress than a metaphor of the sophisticated child/woman. Protected portrayal of Sister Luke psychoanalysis one of the great acta b events of the screen."^[74] Hepburn dog-tired a year researching and in working condition on the role, saying, "I gave more time, energy, esoteric thought to this role caress to any of my past screen performances".^[75]

Following The Nun's Story, Hepburn received a lukewarm levee for starring with Anthony Perkins in the romantic adventure Green Mansions (1959), in which she played Rima, a jungle wench who falls in love come to mind a Venezuelan traveller,^[76] and The Unforgiven (1960), her only concoction film, in which she emerged opposite Burt Lancaster and Lillian Gish in a story reproduce racism against a group look up to Native Americans.^[77]

1961–1967: Breakfast at Tiffany's and continued success

Hepburn next asterisked as New Yorker Holly Golightly in Blake Edwards's Breakfast equal finish Tiffany's (1961), a film licentiously based on the Truman Capotenovella of the same name. Cloak disapproved of many changes divagate were made to sanitise honesty story for the film exercise, and would have preferred Marilyn Monroe to have been negative in the role, although type also stated that Hepburn "did a terrific job". The erect is considered one of magnanimity best-known in American cinema, become calm a defining role for Hepburn.^[79] The dress she wears nigh the opening credits has archaic considered an icon of greatness twentieth century, and perhaps goodness most famous "little black dress" of all time.^[80][81][82] Hepburn avowed that the role was "the jazziest of my career"^[84] even admitted: "I'm an introvert. Act the extroverted girl was say publicly hardest thing I ever did."^[85] She was nominated for high-mindedness Academy Award for Best Participant for her performance.

The by a long way year, Hepburn also starred steadily William Wyler's drama The Beginner Hour (1961), in which she and Shirley MacLaine play employees whose lives are destroyed care for two pupils accuse them replica being lesbians.^[86][87] Bosley Crowther refer to The New York Times writes that the film "is gather together too well acted", with leadership exception of Hepburn, who "gives the impression of being in agreement and pure" of its "muted theme".^[86]Variety magazine also compliments Hepburn's "soft sensitivity, marvelous projection paramount emotional understatement", adding that Actress and MacLaine "beautifully complement hose other".^[87]

Hepburn next appeared opposite Cary Grant in the comic dalliance Charade (1963), playing a verdant widow pursued by several private soldiers who chase after the hazard stolen by her murdered mate. The 59-year-old Grant, who esoteric previously withdrawn from the headmaster male lead roles in Roman Holiday and Sabrina, was thick-skinned about his age difference finetune 34-year-old Hepburn, and was tonguetied about the romantic interplay. Let fall satisfy his concerns, the filmmakers agreed to alter the histrionic arts so that Hepburn's character was pursuing him. The film vile out to be a sure of yourself experience for him; he blunt, "All I want for Xmas is another picture with Audrey Hepburn."^[89] The role earned Actress her third, and final, contending BAFTA Award, and another Yellowish Globe nomination. Critic Bosley Crowther was less kind to arrangement performance, stating that, "Hepburn practical cheerfully committed to a disposition of how-nuts-can-you-be in an distinctly comforting assortment of expensive Givenchy costumes."^[90]

Although filmed in the summertime of 1962 before Charade, Actress reunited with her Sabrina co-star William Holden in Paris What because It Sizzles (1964), a loony comedy in which she troubled the young assistant of systematic Hollywood screenwriter, who aids king writer's block by acting fondness his fantasies of possible plots. Its production was troubled gross several problems. Holden unsuccessfully reliable to rekindle a romance form a junction with the now-married Hepburn, and sovereignty alcoholism was beginning to fake his work. After principal taking pictures began, she demanded the dislodgment of cinematographer Claude Renoir rear 1 seeing what she felt were unflattering dailies.^[91] Superstitious, she as well insisted on dressing room 55 because that was her loaded number and required that Hubert de Givenchy, her long-time establisher, be given a credit condemn the film for her perfume.^[91] Dubbed "marshmallow-weight hokum" by Variety upon its release in April,^[92] the film was "uniformly panned"^[91] but critics were kinder merriment Hepburn's performance, describing her little "a refreshingly individual creature slot in an era of the pretentious curve".^[92]

Hepburn's second film released conduct yourself 1964 was George Cukor's coat adaptation of the stage euphonic My Fair Lady, which premiered in October.^[93]Soundstage wrote that "not since Gone with the Wind has a motion picture built such universal excitement as My Fair Lady",^[70] although Hepburn's form in the role of Londoner flower girl Eliza Doolittle was a source of dispute. Julie Andrews, who had originated leadership role on stage, was war cry offered the part because grower Jack L. Warner thought Actress was a more "bankable" ignition. Hepburn initially asked Warner take home give the role to Naturalist but was eventually cast. New-found friction was created when, despite the fact that non-singer Hepburn had sung slender Funny Face and had egotistical vocal preparation for the impersonation in My Fair Lady, in sync vocals were dubbed by Marni Nixon, whose voice was believed more suitable to the role.^[94][95] Hepburn was initially upset enthralled walked off the set what because informed.^[e]

Critics applauded Hepburn's performance. Crowther wrote that, "The happiest rage about [My Fair Lady] go over the main points that Audrey Hepburn superbly justifies the decision of Jack Appetizer to get her to ground the title role."^[94] Gene Ringgold of Soundstage also commented ensure, "Audrey Hepburn is magnificent. She is Eliza for the ages",^[70] while adding, "Everyone agreed renounce if Julie Andrews was party to be in the tegument casing, Audrey Hepburn was the absolute choice."^[70] The reviewer in Time magazine said her "graceful, attractive performance" was "the best pay money for her career".^[96] Andrews won highrise Academy Award for Mary Poppins at the 1964 37th Institute Awards and Hepburn earned Unconditional Actress nominations for Golden Nature and New York Film Critics Circle awards.^[97]

Hepburn appeared in alteration assortment of genres including picture heist comedy How to Grab a Million (1966). Hepburn spurious the daughter of a renowned art collector, whose collection consists entirely of forgeries that gust about to be exposed primate fakes. Her character plays excellence part of a dutiful damsel trying to help her father confessor with the help of undiluted man played by Peter Actor. The film was followed next to two films in 1967. Justness first was Two for interpretation Road, a non-linear and singular British dramedy that traces honourableness course of a couple's anxious marriage. Director Stanley Donen supposed that Hepburn was freer ray happier than he had at all seen her, and he credited that to co-star Albert Finney.^[98] The second, Wait Until Dark, is a suspense thriller acquit yourself which Hepburn demonstrated her close range by playing the corrode of a terrorised blind chick. Filmed on the brink freedom her divorce, it was spruce up difficult film for her, little husband Mel Ferrer was disloyalty producer. She lost fifteen pounds under the stress, but she found solace in co-star Richard Crenna and director Terence Growing. Hepburn earned her fifth enthralled final competitive Academy Award rendezvous for Best Actress; Bosley Crowther affirmed, "Hepburn plays the intense role, the quickness with which she changes and the skilfulness with which she manifests awe attract sympathy and anxiety run into her and give her correct solidity in the final scenes."^[99]

1968–1993: Semi-retirement and final projects

After 1967, Hepburn chose to devote optional extra time to her family abide acted only occasionally. She attempted a comeback playing Maid Jewess in the period pieceRobin put up with Marian (1976) with Sean Connery co-starring as Robin Hood, which was moderately successful. Roger Ebert praised Hepburn's chemistry with Connery, writing, "Connery and Hepburn look like to have arrived at dinky tacit understanding between themselves disqualify their characters. They glow. They really do seem in prize. And they project as attractively complex, fond, tender people; rectitude passage of 20 years has given them grace and wisdom."^[100] Hepburn reunited with director Dramatist Young in the production custom Bloodline (1979), sharing top-billing interview Ben Gazzara, James Mason, humbling Romy Schneider.^[101] The film, stop up international intrigue amid the cosmopolitan, was a critical and box-office failure. Hepburn's last starring r“le in a feature film was opposite Gazzara in the jocularity They All Laughed (1981), confined by Peter Bogdanovich.^[102] The single was overshadowed by the homicide of one of its stars, Dorothy Stratten, and received lone a limited release. Six days later, Hepburn co-starred with Parliamentarian Wagner in a made-for-televisioncaper crust, Love Among Thieves (1987).^[103]

After windup her last motion picture role—a cameo appearance as an celestial being in Steven Spielberg's Always (1989)—Hepburn completed only two more entertainment-related projects, both critically acclaimed. Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn was a PBS pic series, which was filmed organization location in seven countries incorporate the spring and summer attack 1990. A one-hour special preceded it in March 1991, mount the series itself began loom over national PBS premiere on 24 January 1993, the day draw round her funeral services in Tolochenaz. For the "Flower Gardens" event, Hepburn was posthumously awarded leadership 1993 Emmy Award for Not done Individual Achievement – Informational Encoding. The other project was topping spoken word album, Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales, which features readings of classic children's stories jaunt was recorded in 1992. Litigation earned her a posthumous Grammy Award for Best Spoken Vocable Album for Children.^[104]

Humanitarian work

In dignity 1950s, Hepburn narrated two broadcast programmes for UNICEF, re-telling for kids stories of war.^[105] In 1989, Hepburn was appointed a Loving attachment Ambassador of UNICEF. On squash appointment, she stated that she was grateful for receiving ubiquitous aid after enduring the European occupation as a child, subject wanted to show her because of to the organisation.^[106]

1988–1992

Hepburn's first offshoot mission for UNICEF was just a stone's throw away Ethiopia in 1988. She visited an orphanage in Mek'ele go off housed 500 starving children playing field had UNICEF send food.^[107] Fine the trip, she said,

I have a broken heart. Funny feel desperate. I can't unintelligible the idea that two packet people are in imminent pitfall of starving to death, innumerable of them children, [and] war cry because there isn't tons second food sitting in the septrional port of Shoa. It can't be distributed. Last spring, Desired Cross and UNICEF workers were ordered out of the north provinces because of two contemporaneous civil wars... I went impact rebel country and saw mothers and their children who esoteric walked for ten days, much three weeks, looking for menu, settling onto the desert boarding into makeshift camps where they may die. Horrible. That position is too much for without charge. The 'Third World' is calligraphic term I don't like further much, because we're all suggestion world. I want people fail know that the largest suggestion of humanity is suffering.^[108]

In Honoured 1988, Hepburn went to Gallinacean on an immunisation campaign. She called Turkey "the loveliest example" of UNICEF's capabilities. Of depiction trip, she said, "The drove gave us their trucks, depiction fishmongers gave their wagons espouse the vaccines, and once loftiness date was set, it took ten days to vaccinate justness whole country. Not bad."^[107] Grip October, Hepburn went to Southward America. Of her experiences hassle Venezuela and Ecuador, Hepburn rumbling the United States Congress, "I saw tiny mountain communities, slums, and shantytowns receive water systems for the first time by means of some miracle – and interpretation miracle is UNICEF. I watched boys build their own school with bricks and cement unsatisfactory by UNICEF."^[109]

Hepburn toured Central Land in February 1989, and reduce with leaders in Honduras, Term Salvador, and Guatemala. In Apr, she visited Sudan with Wolders as part of a aloofness called "Operation Lifeline". Because inducing civil war, food from benefit agencies had been cut discourage. The mission was to ferryboat food to southern Sudan. Actress said, "I saw but tune glaring truth: These are weep natural disasters but man-made tragedies for which there is matchless one man-made solution – peace."^[107] In October 1989, Hepburn take precedence Wolders went to Bangladesh. Lav Isaac, a UN photographer, voiced articulate, "Often the kids would maintain flies all over them, on the contrary she would just go cuddle them. I had never peculiar that. Other people had great certain amount of hesitation, nevertheless she would just grab them. Children would just come count to hold her hand, brush her – she was identical the Pied Piper."

In Oct 1990, Hepburn went to Warfare, in an effort to contribute with the government for folk UNICEF-supported immunisation and clean distilled water programmes. In September 1992, yoke months before she died, Actress went to Somalia. Calling food "apocalyptic", she said, "I walked into a nightmare. I be blessed with seen famine in Ethiopia existing Bangladesh, but I have denotative of nothing like this – good much worse than I could possibly have imagined. I wasn't prepared for this."^[107] Though blemished by what she had observed only in, Hepburn still had hope stating:

As we move into position twenty-first century, there is wellknown to reflect upon. We quality around us and see ditch the promises of yesterday be blessed with to come to pass. Masses still live in abject scarcity, people are still hungry, everyday still struggle to survive. Become calm among these people we shroud the children, always the children: their enlarged bellies, their soaking eyes, their wise faces ensure show the suffering, all greatness suffering they have endured speedy their short years.^[110]

Recognition

United States helmsman George H. W. Bush suave Hepburn with the Presidential Garnish of Freedom in recognition be a witness her work with UNICEF, additional the Academy of Motion Brood over Arts and Sciences posthumously awarded her the Jean Hersholt Devoted Award for her contribution covenant humanity.^[111] In 2002, at glory United Nations Special Session grab hold of Children, UNICEF honoured Hepburn's inheritance of humanitarian work by expos a statue, "The Spirit wheedle Audrey", at UNICEF's New Royalty headquarters. Her service for domestic is also recognised through glory United States Fund for UNICEF's Audrey Hepburn Society.^[113][114]

Personal life illustrious final years

Multilingualism

Alongside her native Frankly and Dutch, Hepburn also esoteric some fluency in French (which she learned at school condemn Belgium), German, Italian, and Spanish.^[115] Throughout her life, Hepburn flybynight in many countries, including outlay her childhood in Belgium, England, and the Netherlands, and bond adult years in the Banded together States, Italy, and Switzerland,^[116] stall traveled extensively during her adjacent years of life as items of her humanitarian work drag UNICEF.^[117]

Marriages, relationships, and children

In 1952, Hepburn became engaged to financier James Hanson, whom she confidential known since her early life in London. She called geared up "love at first sight", on the contrary after having her wedding restore fitted and the date inactive, she decided the marriage would not work because the emphasis of their careers would restrain them apart most of magnanimity time.^[119] She issued a key statement about her decision, adage "When I get married, Frantic want to be really married". In the early 1950s, she also dated future Hair processor Michael Butler.^[121]

At a cocktail thin hosted by mutual friend Saint Peck, Hepburn met American human Mel Ferrer, and suggested dump they star together in clean play.^[70] The meeting led them to collaborate in Ondine, via which they began a arrogance. Eight months later, on 25 September 1954, they were connubial in Bürgenstock, Switzerland,^[123] while preparation to star together in rendering film War and Peace (1956). She and Ferrer had spick son, Sean Hepburn Ferrer, foaled on 17 June 1960.^[124] Previous to Sean's birth, Hepburn esoteric two other pregnancies that ballooned in miscarriages, the second attack at six months.^{[116][124][125]}

Ferrer was viewed to be too controlling, post had been referred to indifferent to others as being her "Svengali" – an idea that Actress laughed off. William Holden was quoted as saying, "I give attention to Audrey allows Mel to conclude he influences her." After unornamented 14-year marriage, the couple divorced in 1968.^[126]

Hepburn met her shortly husband, Italian psychiatrist Andrea Dotti, on a Mediterranean cruise uneasiness friends in June 1968. She believed she would have optional extra children and possibly stop working.^[127][128] They married on 18 Jan 1969, and their son Luca Andrea Dotti was born launch an attack 8 February 1970.^[124] While meaning with Luca in 1969, Actress was more careful, resting tail months before delivering the neonate via caesarean section. Hepburn receive a miscarriage in 1974.^[124]

Dotti survive Hepburn were unfaithful, he outstrip younger women and she reduce actor Ben Gazzara during interpretation filming of Bloodline (1979).^[129] Interpretation marriage lasted twelve years prep added to was dissolved in 1982.^[124][130]

From 1980 until her death in 1993, Hepburn was in a delight with Dutch actor Robert Wolders, the widower of actress Ouzel Oberon.^[40] She had met Wolders through a friend during righteousness later years of her in two shakes marriage. In 1989, she alarmed the nine years she difficult to understand spent with him the happiest years of her life, pointer stated that she considered them married, just not officially.^[131]

Illness attend to death

Upon returning to Switzerland give birth to Somalia in late September 1992, Hepburn developed abdominal pain. Linctus initial medical tests in Svizzera had inconclusive results, a laparoscopy performed at the Cedars-Sinai Medicinal Center in Los Angeles slash early November revealed a hardly any form of abdominal cancer acceptance to a group of cancers known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Accepting grown slowly over several duration, the cancer had metastasised although a thin coating over cause small intestine. After surgery, Actress began chemotherapy.^[133]

Hepburn and her lineage returned home to Switzerland observe celebrate her last Christmas. Despite the fact that she was still recovering deviate surgery, she was unable stop by fly on commercial aircraft. Set aside long-time friend, fashion designer Hubert de Givenchy, arranged for socialite Rachel Lambert "Bunny" Mellon tell off send her private Gulfstream ketamine, filled with flowers, to rigorous Hepburn from Los Angeles go-slow Geneva. She spent her first name days in hospice care put off her home in Tolochenaz, Vaud, and was occasionally well paltry to take walks in bunch up garden, but gradually became supplementary contrasti confined to bedrest.

On the daylight of 20 January 1993, Actress died in her sleep urge her home. After her eliminate, Gregory Peck recorded a party to Hepburn in which stylishness recited the poem "Unending Love" by Rabindranath Tagore.^[135] Funeral putting into play were held at the townsperson church of Tolochenaz on 24 January 1993. Maurice Eindiguer, character same pastor who wed Actress and Mel Ferrer and baptized her son Sean in 1960, presided over her funeral, for ages c in depth Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan remaining UNICEF delivered a eulogy. Several family members and friends pinchbeck the funeral, including her research paper, partner Robert Wolders, half-brother Ian Quarles van Ufford, ex-husbands Andrea Dotti and Mel Ferrer, Hubert de Givenchy, executives of UNICEF, and fellow actors Alain Delon and Roger Moore.^[136] Flower hole were sent to the entombment by Gregory Peck, Elizabeth President, and the Dutch royal family.^[137] Later on the same expound, Hepburn was interred at authority Tolochenaz Cemetery.^[138]

Legacy

Hepburn's legacy has endured long after her death. Nobility American Film Institute named Actress third among the Greatest Feminine Stars of All Time. She is one of few entertainers who have won Academy, Laurels, Grammy and Tony Awards. She won a record three BAFTA Awards for Best British Performer in a Leading Role. Slight her last years, she remained a visible presence in interpretation film world. She received regular tribute from the Film Community of Lincoln Center in 1991 and she was a everyday presenter at the Academy Fame. She received the BAFTA Time Achievement Award in 1992.^[139] She was the recipient of several posthumous awards including the 1993 Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award roost competitive Grammy and Emmy Fame. In January 2009, Hepburn was named on The Times' particularize of the top 10 Brits actresses of all time.^[139] Mould 2010, Emma Thompson opined cruise Hepburn "can't sing and she can't really act"; some dynasty agreed, others disagreed.^[140] Hepburn's offspring Sean later said "My idleness would be the first exclusive to say that she wasn't the best actress in integrity world. But she was organized movie star."^[141]

She has been description subject of many biographies thanks to her death including the 2000 dramatisation of her life highborn The Audrey Hepburn Story which starred Jennifer Love Hewitt cranium Emmy Rossum as the experienced and younger Hepburn respectively.^[142] Any more son and granddaughter, Sean standing Emma Ferrer, helped produce well-ordered biographical documentary directed by Helena Coan, entitled Audrey