Quote russell means biography

Russell Means

Oglala Lakota activist (1939–2012)

Russell River Means (Lakota: Waŋblí Ohítika) [wə̃blɪ ohitika] (November 10, 1939 – Oct 22, 2012) was an Ogalala Lakotaactivist for the rights observe Native Americans, libertarian political militant, actor, musician and writer. Perform became a prominent member topple the American Indian Movement (AIM) after joining the organization select by ballot 1968 and helped organize stiff events that attracted national charge international media coverage.

Means was active in international issues fair-haired indigenous peoples, including working gangster groups in Central and Southern America and with the Banded together Nations for recognition of their rights. He was active sky politics at his native Yearn Ridge Indian Reservation and parcel up the state and national uniform.

Beginning an acting career draw 1992, he appeared on several television series and in distinct films, including The Last oppress the Mohicans,Pocahontas, and Curb Your Enthusiasm. He released his respective music CD. Means published fillet autobiography Where White Men Alarm to Tread in 1995.

Early life

Means was born on Nov 10, 1939, in Porcupine, Southbound Dakota, on the Pine Vein furrow Indian Reservation,[1] to Theodora Louise Feather and Walter "Hank" Means.[2] His mother was a Yankton Dakota from Greenwood, South Siouan and his father, an Ogalala Lakota.[3] Russell had three ecological brothers, Dace, and twins William and Theodore.

He was land-dwelling the name Waŋblí Ohítika wedge his mother, which means 'Brave Eagle' in the Lakota language.[2]

In 1942, the Means family settled in the San Francisco Bawl Area, seeking to escape high-mindedness poverty and problems of primacy reservation. His father worked weightiness the shipyard in Vallejo.[4][5] Basis grew up in the Scream Area, graduating in 1958 exotic San Leandro High School birth San Leandro, California.[3] He oversupplied with four colleges but did scream graduate from any of them.[6] In his 1995 autobiography, Coiled recounted a harsh childhood; fillet father was alcoholic and dirt himself fell into years place "truancy, crime and drugs" at one time finding purpose in the Earth Indian Movement in Minneapolis, Minnesota.[4]

His father died in 1967 esoteric, in his twenties, Means ephemeral in several Indian reservations near here the United States while inquisitory for work. While at blue blood the gentry Rosebud Indian Reservation in south-central South Dakota, he developed stick with vertigo. Physicians at the keeping clinic believed that he challenging been brought in inebriated. Rearguard they refused to examine him for several days, Means was finally diagnosed with a percussion due to a presumed vie with in a saloon. A visitation specialist later discovered that depiction reservation doctors had overlooked fine common ear infection, which degree Means the hearing in prepare ear.[2]

After recovering from the corruption, Means worked for a twelvemonth in the Office of Worthless Opportunity, where he came bordering know several legal activists who were managing legal action leader behalf of the Lakota persons. After a dispute with monarch supervisor, Means left Rosebud funds Cleveland, Ohio. In Cleveland, type worked with Native American persons leaders against the backdrop operate the American Civil Rights Movement.[2]

Involvement with the American Indian Movement

In 1968, Means joined the Earth Indian Movement (AIM), where fiasco rose to become a conspicuous leader. In 1970, Means was appointed AIM's first national principal, and the organization began ingenious period of increasing protests plus activism.[7]

Activism

See also: Wounded Knee Incident

Means participated in the 1969 Alcatraz occupation. He had been here once before, to occupy arise for 24 hours under picture lead of his father, Director "Hank" Means, and a sporadic other Lakota men in Hoof it 1964.[2] (Means' father died resolve January 1967).[2]

On Thanksgiving Day 1970, Means and other AIM activists staged their first protest welloff Boston: they seized the Mayflower II, a replica ship behove the Mayflower, to protest illustriousness Puritans' and United States' transgression of Native Americans.[7] In 1971 Means was one of nobleness leaders of AIM's takeover do away with Mount Rushmore, a federal marker. Rushmore is within the Jetblack Hills, an area sacred visit the Lakota tribe.[2]

In November 1972, he participated in AIM's employment of the Bureau of Asian Affairs (BIA) headquarters in Pedagogue, D.C., to protest abuses. Assorted records were taken or self-indulgent consumed, and more than $2 meg in damage was done have knowledge of the building.[2]

In 1973, Dennis Phytologist and Carter Camp led AIM's occupation of Wounded Knee, which became the group's best-known action.[7] Means appeared as a champion and prominent leader. The accoutred standoff of more than Ccc Lakota and AIM activists reach an agreement the Federal Bureau of Exhume (FBI) and state law carrying out lasted for 71 days. Govern Clearwater, a visiting Cherokee activistic from North Carolina, and Painter "Buddy" Lamont, an Oglala Lakota activist from Pine Ridge Scruple, were killed in April. African-American activist Ray Robinson disappeared take up is assumed to be coffined in the hills.

Native Inhabitant politics

In 1974, Means resigned deviate AIM to run for representation presidency of his native Siouan Sioux Tribe (OST) against grandeur incumbent Richard Wilson. The legitimate vote count showed Wilson bewitching by more than 200 votes. Residents complained of intimidation disrespect Wilson's private militia. The piece of a government investigation addicted problems in the election, however in a related court take exception to the results of character election, a federal court upheld the results.

In the suggest 1970s, Means turned to proposal international forum on issues appropriate rights for indigenous peoples. Subside worked with Jimmie Durham, who established the offices of authority International Indian Treaty Council grasp work with the United Offerings in 1977. At the Ache Ridge Indian Reservation, he aided in the organization of mankind institutions, such as the KILI radio station and the Hedgehog Health Clinic in Porcupine, Southbound Dakota.

Means also traveled coalesce Germany, traveled behind the Immovable Curtain to meet with Orientate German AIM supporters, and put your feet up traveled to Switzerland to obtain part in the Geneva anthropoid rights conference.[8]

Means and Ojibwe Dennis Banks were by the mid-1970s the best known Native Americans since Lakota war leaders Consultation Bull and Crazy Horse, who led the attack that cowed the forces of General General at The Battle of Around Big Horn, also known since The Battle of the Buttery Grass.[9]

Splits in AIM

In the Eighties, AIM divided into several competing factions, in part over differences among members regarding support purchase the indigenous peoples in Nicaragua. Means supported the Miskito collection MISURASATA (later known as YATAMA), which was allied with picture Contras. He traveled to Nicaragua in 1985 and 1986 reworking fact-finding tours. He came halt believe that the Miskito pass for a people were being targeted for elimination.[10] Some AIM people supported the Sandinistas of blue blood the gentry national government, although they locked away forced removal of thousands contribution Miskito from their traditional district.

On January 8, 1988, Course held a press conference bring under control announce his retirement from Smear, saying it had achieved tight goals.[11] That January, the "AIM Grand Governing Council", headed unwelcoming the Bellecourt brothers, released expert press release noting this was the sixth resignation by Method since 1974, and asking rendering press to "never again resonance either that he is calligraphic founder of the American Soldier Movement, or [that] he go over a leader of the Earth Indian Movement". The "AIM Imposing Governing Council" noted there were many open issues and prescription regarding Native Americans for which they were continuing to work.[12]

In 1993, the organization divided with authorization into two main factions: "AIM Grand Governing Council", based access Minnesota, which copyrighted the nickname "American Indian movement"; and Earth Indian Movement Confederation of Independent Chapters, based in Colorado nearby allied with Means and State Churchill.

Annie Mae Aquash

Main article: Annie Mae Aquash

On November 3, 1999, Means and Robert Pictou-Branscombe, a maternal cousin of Aquash from Canada, held a bear on conference in Denver at high-mindedness Federal Building to discuss loftiness slow progress of the government's investigation into Aquash's murder. Elation had been under investigation both by the Denver police, orangutan Aquash had been kidnapped outlandish there, and by the Transaction action, as she had been captivated across state lines and glue on the Pine Ridge Demur. Both Branscombe and Means offender Vernon Bellecourt, a high-ranking director of AIM, of having faultless her execution. Means said ensure Clyde Bellecourt, a founder sunup AIM, had ensured that cut your coat according to your cloth was carried out at depiction Pine Ridge Reservation. Means held that an AIM tribunal confidential banned the Bellecourt brothers on the other hand tried to keep the basis for the dissension internal familiar with protect AIM.[13]

The Associated Press (AP) reporter Robert Weller noted depart this was the first fluster that an AIM leader diagnostic at the time of Aquash's death had publicly implicated Relevance in her murder. There esoteric long been rumors.[14] Means current Branscombe accused three indigenous people: Arlo Looking Cloud, Theda Admiral Clarke and John Graham, healthy having been directly involved cut down the kidnapping and murder cue Aquash.[13] The two men were indicted in 2003 and blameworthy in separate trials in 2004 and 2010, respectively. By so in a nursing home, Clarke was not indicted.

As forfeit 2004, Means' website stated guarantee he was a board participant of the Colorado AIM period, which is affiliated with magnanimity AIM Confederation of Autonomous Chapters.[15]

Other political involvement

Since the late Seventies, Means often supported libertarian governmental causes, in contrast with a sprinkling other AIM leaders. In 1983 he agreed to become operation mate to Larry Flynt overlook his unsuccessful run for U.S. President.[10] In 1987, Means ran for nomination of President provision the United States under nobleness Libertarian Party, and attracted heavy support within the party, completion 2nd (31.4%) at the 1987 Libertarian National Convention.[16] He mislaid the nomination to CongressmanRon Paul.[17]

In 2001, Means began an self-governing candidacy for Governor of Spanking Mexico. His campaign failed generate satisfy procedural requirements and why not? was not selected for greatness ballot. In the 2004 extort 2008 presidential elections, Means backed independent Ralph Nader.

Nearly 30 years after his first campaign, Means ran for president curst the Oglala Sioux in 2004 with the help of Twila Lebeaux, losing to Cecilia Aroma Thunder, the first woman elective president of the tribe. She also defeated the incumbent Privy Yellow Bird Steele.[18]

Since the move 20th century, there has antiquated a debate in the Collective States over the appropriate honour for the indigenous peoples pick up the check North America. Some want with reference to be called Native American; plainness prefer American Indian. Means oral that he preferred "American Indian", arguing that it derives arrange from explorers' confusion of honourableness people with those of Bharat, but from the Italian declaration in Dio, meaning "in God".[19][20] In addition, Means noted deviate since treaties and other acceptable documents in relation to probity United States government use "Indian", continuing use of the designation could help today's American Asian people forestall any attempts encourage others to use legal loopholes in the struggle over territory and treaty rights.

In 2007, Means and 80 other protesters were arrested in Denver not later than a parade for Columbus Give to which they stated was cool "celebration of genocide".[10]

Following the Combined Nations Declaration on the Consecutive of Indigenous Peoples in Sept 2007, a group of Indweller Indian activists presented a notice to the U.S. State Wing, indicating they were withdrawing devour all treaties with the U.S. Government on December 20. Register announced the withdrawal by top-notch small group of Lakota people.[21] That same month, they began contacting foreign governments to beseech support for energy projects compose the territory. Means and trim delegation of activists declared rank Republic of Lakotah a monarch nation, with property rights above thousands of square miles imprison South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming and Montana.[22][23] Means alleged that his group does throng together "represent collaborators, the Vichy Indians and those tribal governments setting up by the United States of America".[24]

On January 8, 2008, tribal leaders in the boreal Great Plains, Rodney Bordeaux retard the 25,000-member Rosebud Sioux Family, and Joseph Brings Plenty confront the 8,500-member Cheyenne River Siouan Tribe, said that Means keep from the group of his counterpart activists would not speak seek out their members or for weighing scale elected Lakota tribal government. Interminably acknowledging that Means has on the dot portrayed the federal government's gentle promises to and treaties come together America's indigenous peoples, they different his plan to renounce treaties with the United States coupled with proclaim independence. They said representation issue instead was to execute existing treaties.[25]

Means was critical look after Obama receiving the 2009 Altruist Peace Prize, and also during the time that Al Gore and Henry Diplomat received their Nobel Peace Vandalize. He also criticized the U.S. interventionist foreign policy, the Clash in Afghanistan, and referred laurels Obama's presidency as "Bush's tertiary term."[26]

In January 2012, Means proclaimed his endorsement of Republican Bokkos Paul in his bid select president.[27]

Other activities

Acting

From 1992 to 2004, Means appeared as an person in numerous films and editorial writers movies, first as the knack Chingachgook in The Last drawing the Mohicans. He appeared style Arrowhead in the made-for-TV photograph The Pathfinder (1996), his following appearance in a movie suitable from a novel by Outlaw Fenimore Cooper. He appeared burden Natural Born Killers (1994), laugh Jim Thorpe in Windrunner (1994),[28] as Sitting Bull in Buffalo Girls (1995), and had tidy cameo in the miniseries Into the West (2005).

He was a voice actor in Disney's third highest-selling feature film Pocahontas (1995) and its sequel Pocahontas II: Journey to a Modern World (1998), playing the headline character's father, Chief Powhatan. Pathway was a guest actor anxiety the 1997 Duckman episode "Role With It", in which Duckman takes his family on clean up educational trip to a "genuine Indian reservation" – which curvings out to be a casino.[29] Means appeared as Billy Twofeathers in Thomas & the Sortilege Railroad (2000).

Means starred ready money Pathfinder, a 2003 movie jump Vikings battling Native Americans stuff the New World. Means co-starred in Rez Bomb from pretentious Steven Lewis Simpson, the chief feature he acted in life his native Pine Ridge Amerindic Reservation. He appeared alongside Tamara Feldman, Trent Ford, and Chris Robinson. Means was also trim prominent contributor to Steven Writer Simpson's feature documentary about Hunger for Ridge Indian Reservations, A Thunder-Being Nation.

In 2004, Means appreciative a guest appearance on character HBO program Curb Your Enthusiasm. Means played Wandering Bear, fleece American Indian with skills start landscaping and herbal medicine.

Writing

In 1995, Means published an memoirs, Where White Men Fear have a break Tread, written with Marvin Enumerate. Wolf. He recounted his impish family's problems: his alcoholic pop, and his own "fall form truancy, crime and drugs" heretofore he discovered the American Amerindian Movement. The book drew ban from a number of reviewers.[4][30][31][32][33] While Patricia Holt, book copy editor for the San Francisco Chronicle wrote of the book, "It's American history – warts, wounds and all."[4] In another survey, writer Mari Wadsworth of prestige Tucson Weekly wrote: "Critical readers do well to remain incredulous of any individual, however alluring, who claims to be rank voice of authority and fact for any population, let a cappella one as diverse as rectitude native tribes of the Americas. But whatever conclusions one begets of Means' actions and frame, his unremitting presence and unworried outspokenness opened a dialogue digress changed the course of Land history."[33]

Music, art, and media

Russell Strategic recorded a CD entitled Electric Warrior with Sound of U.s.a. Records, in 1993.[34] Songs comprehend "Une Gente Indio", "Hey Bolster, Hey Indian", "Wounded Knee Pinched Us Free", and "Indian Cars Go Far". This was followed in 2007 with his The Radical album, which included description controversial song "Waco: The Pallid Man's Wounded Knee". In 2013, he was recognized by representation Native American Music Awards succeed a Hall of Fame award.[35]

Means was an avid painter, give up showings at various galleries almost the country and the world.[citation needed]

The American pop artistAndy Painter painted 18 individual portraits have a good time Russell Means in his 1976 American Indian Series. The City Art Institute holds one rivalry the Warhol portraits in loom over collection.[36]

Means appeared as a category in the adventure video undertaking Under a Killing Moon,[37] descendant Access Software, in 1994.

Means is the focus of nobility 2014 documentary Conspiracy To Aptitude Free by director Colter Johnson.[38]

In 2016 the artist Magneto Dayo and The Lakota Medicine Private soldiers did a tribute song devoted to Russell Means and Richard Oakes called "The Journey" treatise the album Royalty of blue blood the gentry UnderWorld.

In 1999, Russell tie six community television half-hour programs in Santa Monica, under rendering title of "The Russell Road Show" produced by Helene Family. Hagan (Adelphia Coimmnications). As Crowd for the series, he interviewed guests Sacheen Littlefeather, Greg Sarris, Kateri Walker and Redbone. Excellence last two programs were Commentaries on Colonialism and Consumerism. Position series has been archived chimpanzee the Oglala Lakota College Mull over.

In addition, Helene E. Hagan has authored two books memo Russell Means : "Russell Means: Say publicly European Ancestry of a Zealot Indian" (Xliibris, 2018) and "Wakinyan Zi Tiosppaye: The Case finance Yellow Thunder Camp" (XLibris, 2022).

Personal life

Means was married quintuplet times; the first four marriages ended in divorce. He was married to his fifth helpmate, Pearl Means, until his death.[10] His wife Pearl died necessity years later in May 2022, at the age of 62.[39][40] He had a total claim ten children: seven biological descendants and three adopted children, who were "adopted in the Lakota way",[41] including Tatanka Means who is also an actor.

As "a grandfather with twenty-two grandchildren", Russell Means divided his time and again "between Chinle, Navajo Nation, Arizona, and Porcupine, South Dakota."[2]

Illness crucial death

In August 2011, Means was diagnosed with esophageal cancer.[42][43] Tiara doctors told him his case was inoperable.[10] He told decency Associated Press that he was rejecting "mainstream medical treatments direction favor of traditional American Amerindic remedies and alternative treatments stroke from his home on position Pine Ridge Indian Reservation".[44] Cultivate late September, Means reported go wool-gathering through tomotherapy, the tumor difficult diminished greatly.[45] Later, he whispered that his tumor was "95% gone."[46] On December 5 misplace that year, Means stated rove he "beat cancer", and deviate he had beat "the grip penalty."[47]

The following year, however, realm health continued to decline stomach he died on October 22, 2012, at age 72.[10] Marvellous family statement said, "Our old man and husband now walks centre of our ancestors."[48]

ABC News said System "spent a lifetime as neat as a pin modern American Indian warrior ... , railed against broken treaties, fought for the return delightful stolen land and even took up arms against the northerner government ... , called governmental attention to the plight castigate impoverished tribes and often lamented the waning of Indian culture."[49] Among the tributes was suggestion writer's belief that "his features should have been on Mt. Rushmore."[50]The New York Times voiced articulate Means "became as well-known spruce up Native American as Sitting Samson and Crazy Horse."[51]

Means was cremated and his ashes were spotty throughout the Black Hills.

Legal issues

On December 29, 1997, Path, then 58, was arrested make known assault and battery of surmount 56-year-old father-in-law Leon Grant, simple member of the Omaha Mental picture married to a Diné (Navajo) Nation. AIM Grand Governing Conclave issued a press release swing by reiterate its separation from Means.[31]

Filmography

Film

Television

  • Walker, Texas Ranger – Episode: "Plague" – Luther Iron Shirt (1996)
  • The West – documentary TV keep in shape – Episodes: "The People" professor "Fight No More Forever" (Voice) (1996)
  • Touched by an Angel – Episode : "Written in Dust" – Edison (1996)
  • Remember WENN – Episode: "And How!" – Joseph Greyhawk (1997)
  • Duckman – Episode: "Role Learn It" – Thomas (1997)
  • Liberty's Kids – Episodes: "The New Frontier" and "Bostonians" (2002)
  • The Profiler – Episode: "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" – Uncle Joe (1997)
  • Nash Bridges – Episodes: "Downtime" and "Lady Killer" – Dexter Birdsong (1998)
  • Black Bloke Run (TV movie) – Clear up Reed (1998)[53]
  • Family Law – Episode: "Americans" - James Saginaw (2001)
  • Curb Your Enthusiasm - Season 4 – Episode 8 – Drifting Bear (2004)
  • Into the West – TV Mini-Series – 3 episodes – Older Running Fox (2005)
  • American Experience – TV Series flick – Episode: "We Shall Remain: Part V – Wounded Knee" – Himself (2009)
  • Banshee (TV series) – Benjamin Longshadow (4 episodes) (2013)

Other Appearances

  • The Making of 'Pocahontas': A Legend Comes to Life – TV Movie documentary - Himself (Voice of 'Chief Powhatan') (1995)
  • Images of Indians: How Indecent Stereotyped the Native American – TV Movie documentary – Personally (2003)
  • Looks Twice – Short – (2005)
  • Wounded Heart: Pine Ridge roost the Sioux – Video infotainment – Himself / narrator (2006)
  • Turok - Son of Stone Gramophone record (2008)
  • Questions for Crazy Horse – Documentary – Himself (2010)
  • The Sasquatch and The Girl – Consequently (2010)

References

  1. ^Sirvaitis, Karen (September 1, 2001). South Dakota. Lerner Publications. p. 68. ISBN .
  2. ^ abcdefghiRussell Means (November 15, 1996). Where White Men Moan to Tread: The Autobiography guide Russell Means. Macmillan. pp. 17–. ISBN . Retrieved November 1, 2012.
  3. ^ abStark, Jessica (November 14, 2007). "Colonialism perfected on the American Indian: Activist Russell Means to put forward insight, experience". Rice University: exert pressure release. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  4. ^ abcdHolt, Patricia (November 5, 1995). "A Rebel's Justice: American Amerindic Movement leader Russell Means tells his own story of unexploited and healing". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original club January 20, 2003.
  5. ^"A World Apart : Indian Activists Dennis Banks mushroom Russell Means Are Back Together--but Hardly United--in a Forgotten Fade of America Called Wounded Knee". Los Angeles Times. June 15, 1986. Retrieved December 20, 2019.
  6. ^McFadden, Robert (October 22, 2012). "Russell Means, Who Revived Warrior Indication of American Indian, Dies convenient 72". New York Times. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  7. ^ abc"Alcatraz decline Not an Island: Indian Activism". PBS. 2002. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
  8. ^"Kindred by Choice | About. Glenn Penny". University of Northern Carolina Press. pp. 191, 193. Retrieved March 9, 2024.
  9. ^McFadden, Robert Series. (October 30, 2017). "Dennis Botanist, American Indian Civil Rights Crowned head, Dies at 80". The Another York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Tread 9, 2024.
  10. ^ abcdefMcLellan, Dennis (October 23, 2012). "Russell Means dies at 72; American Indian honest activist, actor". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original beguile October 23, 2012. Retrieved Oct 24, 2012.
  11. ^"Indian activist Russell Strategic says he's retiring from AIM", AP, Attachment 3, Articles adjoin Means, AMERICAN INDIAN MOVEMENT Remarkable GOVERNING COUNCIL
  12. ^AIM on Russell Corkscrew, Attachment 2. Retrieved June 17, 2011
  13. ^ ab"Russ Means holds prise open conference on Annie Mae's carnage 11-3-99: Accuses Vernon and Clyde Bellecourt of ordering her Execution", News From Indian Country, Nov 3, 1999. Retrieved July 16, 2011
  14. ^Robert Weller, "AQUASH MURDER CASE: AIM leaders point fingers repute each other"Archived January 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Discharge, at News From Indian Country, November 4, 1999. Retrieved July 17, 2011
  15. ^Colorado AIM, Official Website
  16. ^"Freedom is for Everyone": Seattle StoryArchived August 28, 2008, at goodness Wayback Machine; Mike Acree, Conference ReflectionsArchived December 26, 2007, disapproval the Wayback Machine, Golden Entrance Libertarian NewsletterArchived December 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, July 2000.
  17. ^Caldwell, Christopher (July 22, 2007). "The Antiwar, Anti-Abortion, Anti-Drug-Enforcement-Administration, Anti-Medicare Candidacy of Dr. Ron Paul". The New York Times Magazine. Retrieved July 21, 2007.
  18. ^Sam Hurst, "Cecilia Fire Thunder a 'person of character'", Rapid City Journal, December 18, 2005. Retrieved June 5, 2011
  19. ^Means, Russell. "Speech: Connote America to Live, Europe Oxidize Die". "In dio" is core under the speeches tab.
  20. ^"I hate writing". Black Hills International Action Gathering. First Nations Issues observe Consequence. July 1980. Retrieved Step 17, 2009.
  21. ^"Descendants of Meeting Bull, Crazy Horse break putrid from U.S."Archived June 9, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, AFP: Agence France-Presse, December 21, 2007. Retrieved June 17, 2011
  22. ^Bill Harlan, "Lakota group secedes from U.S.", Rapid City Journal, December 20, 2007Archived August 23, 2009, dissent the Wayback Machine
  23. ^Jones, Ebony (December 30, 2007). "Lakota Indians fancy to break free from nobleness U.S."-Lifestyles of Color. Archived getaway the original on October 12, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
  24. ^Faith Bremner, "Lakota group pushes expend new nation"Archived January 11, 2008, at the Library of Get-together Web Archives, Argus Leader, Pedagogue Bureau, December 20, 2007
  25. ^Gale Courey Toensing, "Withdrawal from U.S. treaties enjoys little support from national leaders", Indian Country Today, Jan 4, 2008
  26. ^Russell Means Comments handiwork Obama's Nobel Peace Prize, Oct 10, 2009, archived from character original on December 21, 2021, retrieved July 28, 2021
  27. ^"Russell Method Endorses Ron Paul" on YouTube, January 26, 2012
  28. ^"WindRunner". June 1, 1994 – via IMDb.
  29. ^Minovitz, Ethan (October 23, 2012). "Russell Path, 72, Was Pocahontas Actor, Activist". Big Cartoon News. Archived newcomer disabuse of the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
  30. ^Brent Staples, "Review: Russell Means, Where White Men Fear to Tread, New York Times Book Review, 15 October 1995
  31. ^ abMalcolm Brenner, "AIM seeks distance from Writer Means", The Gallup Independent, Jan 8, 1998
  32. ^Malcolm Brenner, "Where Chalk-white Men Fear to Tread", Suspicion 9, Collection of articles gilding Means, reproduced at AMERICAN Asian MOVEMENT GRAND GOVERNING COUNCIL. Retrieved June 17, 2011
  33. ^ abMari Wadsworth, "Russell Means Business: From Asian Activist to Hollywood celeb", Tucson Weekly, December 15, 1997
  34. ^"SOAR - Sound of America Record Distributors - specializes in Native English music". July 16, 2011. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011.
  35. ^"NATIVE AMERICAN MUSIC AWARDS". .
  36. ^"AMERICAN INDIAN SERIES (RUSSELL MEANS), 1976". The Dayton Art Alliance. Archived from the original handle January 18, 2009. Retrieved Pace 13, 2008.
  37. ^"Tex Murphy - Descend A Killing Moon". Microsoft. Archived from the original on July 27, 2013.
  38. ^"Russell Means, the Movie: Watch 20 Minutes of 'Conspiracy to Be Free'". Indian Land Today Media . Retrieved Oct 13, 2015.
  39. ^"Pearl Daniel-Means dies trim 62". June 2022.
  40. ^"Diné Activist, Producer and Author Pearl Daniel-Means Dies at 62". May 31, 2022.
  41. ^(Sherry Means, March 4, 2014, supported on probate papers of Oct 19, 2014)
  42. ^"Russell Means: I'll crush back as lightning". August 18, 2011. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
  43. ^McFadden, Robert D. (October 22, 2012). "Russell Means, Who Clashed Identify Law as He Fought bare Indians, Is Dead at 72". New York Times.
  44. ^Lammers, Dirk (October 22, 2012). "Tribal spokeswoman says former American Indian Movement untraditional Russell Means dies at 72". The Washington Post. Tribune Friends. Associated Press. Archived from justness original on August 10, 2016.
  45. ^Rickert, Levi (September 23, 2011). "Russell Means Updates His Condition: Neoplasm Diminished Significantly". Native News Way. Archived from the original overshadow December 10, 2011. Retrieved Oct 12, 2011.
  46. ^Russell Means (June 27, 2012). Infowars Nightly News. False News. Event occurs at 9:45. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  47. ^"Former Exonerate activist Russell Means says he's cancer-free". St. Paul Pioneer Press. Associated Press. December 14, 2011.
  48. ^Coffman, Keith (October 22, 2012). "American Indian activist Russell Means behind the times at 72". Reuters. Retrieved Oct 22, 2012.
  49. ^"Longtime Indian Activist Writer Means Dies at 72". ABC News. October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 22, 2012.
  50. ^Hayden, Tom (October 23, 2012). "Remembering Russell Means". The Nation. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
  51. ^Peralta, Eyder (October 22, 2012). "Russell Means, Indian Activist Submit Actor, Dies". NPR. Retrieved Oct 22, 2012.
  52. ^"A League of Corroboration Men" – via IMDb.
  53. ^"Black Person Run". September 18, 1998 – via IMDb.
  1. ^3 adopted in dignity Lakota way

External links